{"id":103432,"date":"2021-07-07T14:26:59","date_gmt":"2021-07-07T13:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.express.fr\/non-categorise\/temperatura-topnienia\/"},"modified":"2026-02-11T14:38:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T13:38:09","slug":"temperatura-topnienia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.express.fr\/pl\/conseils-de-pro\/soudage-et-brasage\/temperatura-topnienia\/","title":{"rendered":"Temperatura topnienia"},"content":{"rendered":"\nG\u0142\u00f3wnym celem udanego lutowania<\/a> i lutowania br\u0105zem<\/a> jest osi\u0105gni\u0119cie jak najlepszych parametr\u00f3w mechanicznych. Temperatura punktu topnienia ka\u017cdego z u\u017cywanych materia\u0142\u00f3w jest jedn\u0105 z najwa\u017cniejszych rzeczy, kt\u00f3re musisz zna\u0107, \u017ceby prawid\u0142owo przetwarza\u0107 materia\u0142y bazowe, jak r\u00f3wnie\u017c metal wype\u0142niaj\u0105cy. Znaj\u0105c punkty topnienia, mo\u017cesz u\u017cywa\u0107 prawid\u0142owych temperatur na lutownicy.\n

Jaka jest temperatura topnienia przy lutowaniu i lutowaniu br\u0105zem?<\/h2>\nTemperatura topnienia materia\u0142u to temperatura, w kt\u00f3rej przechodzi on ze stanu sta\u0142ego w stan ciek\u0142y.\n\nNale\u017cy wzi\u0105\u0107 pod uwag\u0119 czysto\u015b\u0107 materia\u0142\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 by\u0107 spawane lub lutowane. Lista punkt\u00f3w topnienia podaje temperatury dla czystych metali. Przy stosowaniu stop\u00f3w nale\u017cy wzi\u0105\u0107 pod uwag\u0119 r\u00f3\u017cne materia\u0142y wchodz\u0105ce w sk\u0142ad stopu, kt\u00f3re cz\u0119sto maj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne temperatury topnienia.\n\nTrudno jest okre\u015bli\u0107 temperatur\u0119 topnienia stopu, poniewa\u017c nie wystarczy wyci\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 \u015bredniej z punkt\u00f3w topnienia r\u00f3\u017cnych sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w, zw\u0142aszcza \u017ce proporcje r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 w zale\u017cno\u015bci od stopu.\n

R\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy lutowaniem a lutowaniem br\u0105zem<\/h2>\nLutowanie i lutowanie br\u0105zem (br\u0105zowienie) to dwie r\u00f3\u017cne czynno\u015bci\n

Lutowanie<\/h3>\nAby zespawa\u0107 dane elementy, nale\u017cy podgrza\u0107 materia\u0142y podstawowe, oraz najcz\u0119\u015bciej r\u00f3wnie\u017c metal wype\u0142niaj\u0105cy, a\u017c do osi\u0105gni\u0119cia temperatury topnienia. Nast\u0119pnie nale\u017cy zastosowa\u0107 temperatur\u0119 punktu topnienia metali, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 ze sob\u0105 spawane.\n\nDlatego najkorzystniej jest, je\u015bli r\u00f3\u017cne sk\u0142adniki przeznaczone do lutowania maj\u0105 podobne temperatury topnienia.\n

Lutowanie br\u0105zem<\/h3>\nW lutowaniu br\u0105zem nie \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 metali podstawowych, tylko metal wype\u0142niaj\u0105cy. Dlatego konieczne jest, \u017ceby temperatura topnienia wype\u0142niacza by\u0142a ni\u017csza ni\u017c temperatura topnienia metali, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 by\u0107 po\u0142\u0105czone.\n\nMo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 lutowania mi\u0119kkiego lub twardego. W pierwszym przypadku temperatura topnienia metalu wype\u0142niacza jest ni\u017csza ni\u017c 450\u00b0C, a w drugim temperatura topnienia wynosi mi\u0119dzy 600\u00b0C a 1000\u00b0C.\n\nNajcz\u0119\u015bciej wybieranym metalem wype\u0142niaj\u0105cym do lutowania mi\u0119kkiego jest cyna, kt\u00f3ra ma najni\u017csz\u0105 temperatur\u0119 topnienia spo\u015br\u00f3d najcz\u0119\u015bciej stosowanych metali wype\u0142niaj\u0105cych.\n\nPodczas lutowania metal wype\u0142niaj\u0105cy musi osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 temperatur\u0119 topnienia, \u017ceby zmieni\u0107 stan na p\u0142ynny. Po wej\u015bciu w kontakt z dwoma lutowanymi cz\u0119\u015bciami rozprzestrzenia si\u0119 i przesi\u0105ka poprzez podci\u0105ganie kapilarne, tj. wnika w sie\u0107 drobnych kanalik\u00f3w metali bazowych.\n\nAby rozproszy\u0107 si\u0119 na obu lutowanych cz\u0119\u015bciach, musz\u0105 one by\u0107 doskonale przygotowane i oczyszczone. Wszelkie \u015blady smaru lub chropowato\u015bci uniemo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 post\u0119p metalu wype\u0142niaj\u0105cego i os\u0142abiaj\u0105 proces lutowania br\u0105zem.\n\nAby odpowiednio przygotowa\u0107 powierzchnie po ich oczyszczeniu i odt\u0142uszczeniu, nale\u017cy przetrze\u0107 je powierzchni\u0105 \u015bciern\u0105, tak\u0105 jak p\u0142\u00f3tno szmerglowe, kt\u00f3ra utworzy drobne rysy, sprzyjaj\u0105ce post\u0119powi metalu wype\u0142niacza, oraz zapewniaj\u0105 mocniejsze, bardziej wytrzyma\u0142e lutowanie.\n

Punkty topnienia g\u0142\u00f3wnych metali u\u017cywanych do lutowania lub br\u0105zowienia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Materia\u0142y<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Temperatura topnienia<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Cyna<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

232\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

O\u0142\u00f3w<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

327\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Cynk<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

419\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Aluminium (czyste)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

660\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Br\u0105z<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

890\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Mosi\u0105dz<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

900\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Srebro<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

961\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Z\u0142oty<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1\u00a0064\u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Mied\u017a<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,083\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Stal nierdzewna<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,400\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Stal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,450\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nikiel<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,455\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u017belazo (czyste)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,553\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Pallad<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,555\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Platyna<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,772\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u017beliwo<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,820\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Aluminium surowe (tlenek glinowy)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,835\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u0142\u00f3wnym celem udanego lutowania i lutowania br\u0105zem jest osi\u0105gni\u0119cie jak najlepszych parametr\u00f3w mechanicznych. Temperatura punktu topnienia ka\u017cdego z u\u017cywanych materia\u0142\u00f3w jest jedn\u0105 z najwa\u017cniejszych rzeczy,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":102513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[413,422],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-soudage-et-brasage","category-spawanie-i-lutowanie-pl"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUdanego lutowania i lutowania br\u0105zem - Express<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The main goal of successful brazing and soldering with bronze is to achieve the best possible mechanical performance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Udanego lutowania i lutowania br\u0105zem - 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